Nephrolithiasis is the formation of kidney stones or stones inside the kidneys or bladder.
Kidney stones are formed due to the dissolved substances in urine are deselected and result in a solid accumulation.
The scarce and urinating infrequently favors the concentration of urine and stone formation, reason advised to increase water consumption.
Causes for the formation of kidney stones
Kidney stones are very common. Some are hereditary and often occur in premature infants.
Most stones are formed of calcium oxalate, which abound in people 20-30 years.
Calcium can combine with other substances such as oxalate present in certain foods such as spinach, in diseases of the small intestine and after the intake of vitamin C, causing the calcium oxalate stones.
Other types of kidney stones are magnesium ammonium phosphate, calcium phosphate, or urate.
Cystine calculi occur in people suffering from cystinuria and struvite in women with urinary tract infection.
The uric acid stones are caused by eating more frequent in men red meat and alcoholic beverages; They grow much and obstruct the ureters and bladder.
The drugs also cause calculations.
Symptoms of kidney stones
- Localized pain in the kidney area or side, sometimes radiating to the groin or the testicles.
- Abnormal blood and urine color.
- Frequent infections or cystitis originating urine calculations.
- Nausea, vomiting, sweating, swelling, chills and fever.
Diagnosis of kidney stones
- They are diagnosed by imaging tests: CT or CAT scan, renal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and kidney, abdominal radiography, abdomen IVP, retrograde pyelography.
- Routine microscopic urinalysis that reveals blood or pus and small stones.
Treatment of kidney stones
- Ultrasonic lithotripsy shock wave eliminates urinary calculi in 3-4 weeks and is to break the stones into small fragments that are easily removed.
- Endoscopic removal of the stones by ureteroscopy.
- You can eliminate also making the urine more alkaline, dissolving potassium citrate. Calculations can not be eliminated by this method need surgery.
Once a calculation is removed and analyzed, the specialist may prescribe a specific diet to prevent the formation of new stones.
Proper diet in case of kidney stones
Foods whose consumption should be increased in case of kidney stones
Water
Those with kidney stones do not form recalculations if they drink 2.5 liters of water a day. It has not been shown that consumption of hard water more lithogenic the soft water.
Diuretic foods
All recommended in the case of low urine foods help reduce kidney stones.
Lemon successfully used in preventing and dissolving kidney stones. Lemon effectiveness is due to its citric acid content. Citrates are excreted in the urine and increase the solubility of the calcium salts.
The alquejenje is a berry rich in citric acid with preventive action of urinary calculi.
Legumes, whole grains, fruits and vegetables rich in fibers
Legumes, whole grains, fruits and vegetables rich in fibers
Fiber assists in preventing urinary calculi calcic type.
Whole grains and nuts contain magnesium, which relaxes the urinary tract. hazelnut consumption is recommended, whose regular consumption is recommended as a preventative of urate stones.
Hazelnut, whose regular consumption is recommended as a preventative of urate stones.
Kidney stones: proper diet, causes, symptoms
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